Indian governor of state of Oaxaca in Mexico leader of liberal rebellion against Santa Anna liberal government defeated by French intervention under Emperor Napoleon III of France and establishment of Mexican Empire under Maximilian restored to power in 1867 until his death his death in 1872. Seized power in Mexico after collapse of empire of Mexico in 1824 after brief reign of liberals, seized power in 1835 as caudillo defeated by Texans in war for independence in 1836 defeated by United States in Mexican-American War in 1848 unseated by liberal rebellion in 1854.Īmerican declaration stated in 1823 established that any attempt of a European country to colonize in the Americas would be considered an unfriendly act by the United States supported by Great Britain as a means of opening Latin America trade.īird droppings utilized as fertilizer exported from Peru as a major item of trade between 18 income from trade permitted end to American Indian tribute and abolition of slavery.įrench philosophy based on observation and scientific approach to problems of society adopted by many Latin American liberals in the aftermath of independence.įrench philosopher (19th century) founder of positivism, a philosophy that stressed observation and scientific approaches to the problems of society.īelief of the government of the United States that it was destined to rule the continent from coast to coast led to annexation of Texas and Mexican-American War.Īgreement that ended the Mexican-American War provided for loss of Texas and California to the United States left legacy of distrust of the United States in Latin America.įought between Mexico and the United States from 1846 to 1848 led to devastating defeat of Mexican forces, loss of about one-half of Mexico's national territory to the United States. Strongman leader in Buenos Aires took power in 1831 commanded loyalty of gauchos restored local autonomy. Latin American politicians who wanted policies, especially fiscal and commercial regulations, to be set by regional governments rather than centralized national administrations often supported by politicians who described themselves as liberals.
Latin American politicians who wished to create strong, centralized national governments with broad powers often supported by politicians who described themselves as conservatives. Independent leaders who dominated local areas by force in defiance of national policies sometimes seized national governments to impose their concept of rule typical throughout newly independent countries of Latin America. Mestizo general who established union of independent Peru and Bolivia between 18. Son and successor of João VI in Brazil aided in the declaration of Brazilian independence from Portugal in 1822 became constitutional emperor of Brazil. Leader of independent movement in Rio de la Plata led to independence of the United Provinces of Rio de la Plata by 1816 later led independence movement in Chile and Peru as well. Independent state created in South America as a result of military success of Simon Bolivar existed only until 1830, at which time Colombia, Venezuela, and Ecuador became separate nations.
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Mexican priest who established independence movement among American Indians and mestizos in 1810 despite early victories, was captured and executed.Ĭonservatives Creole officer in Mexican army who signed agreement with insurgent forces of independence combined forces entered Mexico City in 1821 later proclaimed emperor of Mexico until its collapse in 1824.Ĭreole military officer in northern South America won series of victories in Venezuela, Colombia, and Ecuador between 18 military success led to creation of independent state of Gran Colombia. Domingue in 1791 led to creation of independent republic of Haiti in 1804. Apush unit 1 practice questions.Leader of slave rebellion on the French sugar island of St.
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